Which term describes the recurring elements such as words or phrases in poetry?

The term that accurately describes the recurring elements such as words or phrases in poetry is "patterns." Patterns in poetry often involve the repetition of specific words, phrases, or themes throughout a piece, creating a sense of cohesion and emphasis. This recurrence can enhance the poem’s meaning and emotional impact, guiding the reader’s experience and understanding.

Imagery refers to the use of descriptive language that appeals to the senses and creates vivid mental pictures, but it does not specifically relate to the repetition of elements. Figurative language encompasses devices like metaphors and similes that convey meanings beyond the literal, rather than focusing on repetition. Sound effects usually relate to auditory elements such as rhyme and alliteration, which contribute to the musicality of poetry but are distinct from the broader concepts of recurring patterns.