What type of analysis involves breaking down the components of a text to understand its meaning and structure?

The type of analysis that involves breaking down the components of a text to understand its meaning and structure is indeed analysis. This process entails examining various elements of the text, such as themes, literary devices, character development, and the author's tone, to gain a deeper insight into its overall message and how it is conveyed.

When engaging in analysis, one actively deconstructs the text, looking at how individual parts contribute to the whole. This might include considering how the organization of ideas affects the reader's perception or how specific figurative language enhances the emotional impact.

The other options do not focus on this detailed breakdown of components. Evaluation typically involves making judgments about the quality or effectiveness of a text, often based on criteria or standards. Interpretation is more about presenting a personal understanding or meaning derived from the text, which may or may not involve a thorough analysis of its components. Summary, on the other hand, involves condensing the text into its main ideas without delving deeply into its structure or meaning. Thus, analysis is the most fitting answer, as it captures the essence of breaking down a text to fully comprehend its intricacies.