What is the term for any text that criticizes people or ideas by laughing at their stupidity?

The term that describes a text that criticizes people or ideas through humor and ridicule is satire. Satire employs wit, irony, or exaggeration to highlight the flaws or follies of individuals or societal norms, often with the intent of prompting change or drawing attention to an issue. This can take the form of literature, art, or media that seeks to provoke thought while entertaining.

In contrast, oxymoron refers to a figure of speech in which contradictory terms appear in conjunction, such as "deafening silence." Jargon signifies specialized language used by a particular group, which may not be understood outside of that context. Repetition is a rhetorical device involving the repeated use of words or phrases for emphasis but does not inherently carry a critical function. Thus, the definition of satire aligns perfectly with the description provided in the question.