What is the term for a detailed examination and discussion of a particular subject or piece of literature?

The term "analysis" refers specifically to a detailed examination and discussion of a particular subject or piece of literature. Analysis involves breaking down a work into its constituent parts to understand how those parts work together to create meaning, themes, and effects. In literature, this might include looking at character development, plot structure, symbols, and language use to interpret the deeper significance of the text.

In contrast, a synopsis is a brief summary of a work. An essay is a more general term for a written composition on a particular topic but does not necessarily imply the same depth of examination as analysis. A review typically evaluates a work and provides subjective opinions about it, rather than focusing solely on a thorough dissection of its elements or themes. Therefore, analysis is the most accurate term for the detailed examination described in the question.