What is the term for the grammatical form that indicates whether an action took place in the past, present, or future?

The term that indicates whether an action took place in the past, present, or future is "tense." Tense is a grammatical category that conveys the timing of an action or event, helping to establish when something occurs in relation to the time of speaking or writing. For example, the sentence "I walked" uses the past tense, while "I walk" is in the present tense, and "I will walk" is in the future tense.

In contrast, aspect refers to the nature of the action in terms of its completion or duration, mood conveys the attitude of the speaker toward the action (like indicative, imperative, or subjunctive), and voice relates to the relationship between the action and the participants (active vs. passive). Therefore, tense is specifically the grammatical form that addresses the timing of actions, making it the correct term for this question.